Preface ix
Map: Germany 1815 - 1848 xi

1. Germany Before 1848 1
    1. Economic 1
    2. Social 4
    3. Political 6
        a. Conservatism 7
        b. Political Catholicism 8
        c. Liberalism 10
        d. Radicalism 11
        e. Socialism 13
   4. Intellectual 14
       a. The Principles of 1789 14
       b. Hegel 16
       c. The Hegelian School 20

2. Childhood and Adolescence 24
    1. Trier 24
    2. Genealogy 26
    3. Marx’s Parents 28
    4. School Days 33

3. Marx the Student 41
    1. Poetry in Bonn and Berlin 41
    2. Conversion to Hegelianism 46
    3. Marx’s Dissertation 52
        a. Introductory 52
        b. Choice of Subject 53
        c. Marx’s Preliminary Notes 55
        d. Marx’s Thesis 58
        e. Notes to the Thesis 61
        f. Co-operation with Bruno Bauer 69

4. Marx the Journalist 72
    1. The Hallische Jahrbucher 72
    2. The Rheinische Zeitung 79
        a. The Historical School of Law 79
        b. Freedom of the Press 82
        c. Debate with the Kolnische. Zeitung 87
        d. The Rheinische Zeitung and Communism90
        e. The Law against Thefts and Timber 95
        f. The Destitution of the Moselle Wine-Growers and the Suppression of the Rheinische Zeitung 99

5. Marx and the Critique of Hegel’s Philosophy of the State102
    1. The Foundation of the Deutsch-Französische Jahrbücher 102
    2. The Influence of Feuerbach 107
    3. Marx and Hegel on the State 110
    4. Monarchy and Democracy 111
    5. Bureaucracy 115
    6. The Political Function of Estates 199
7. The Possibilities of a German Revolution 126

6. Marx and the Deutsch-Französische Jahrbücher 129
    1. ‘On the Jewish Question’ 129
    2. ‘Introduction to the Critique of Hegel’s Philosophy of Law’ 142

7. The ‘Paris Manuscripts’ 162
    1. The Preface 162
    2. Alienated Labour 165
    3. Communism 180
    4. Hegel’s Dialectic 192
        a. Preliminary 192
        b. The Young Hegelians 193
        c. Hegel 195
    5. Needs, Production, the Division of Labour and Money 204

8. Conclusion 207
    1. Marx’s Early Writings in Historical Perspectives 207
    2. The Young Marx and Mature Marxism 214

Chronological Table 221
Select Bibliography 223
Index 231

 

Introduction: The Legacy of Marx

PART 1: THE GERMAN SOCIAL DEMOCRATS
- The Contribution of Engels
- The Revisionist Controversy
- The Radicals
- Austro-Marxism

PART 2: RUSSIAN MARXISM
- Origins
- Trotsky
- Lenin
- Russian Marxism in the 1920s
- Stalinism
- Post-Stalin Communism

PART 3: EUROPEAN MARXISM BETWEEN THE WARS
- Lukás
- Korsch
- Council Communism
- Gramsci

PART 4: CHINA AND THE THIRD WORLD
- The Making of the Chinese Revolution
- Maoism in Power
- Asian Marxism outside China
- Latin America
- Marxism and Underdevelopment

PART 5: CONTEMPORARY MARXISM IN EUROPE AND THE UNITED STATES
- Introduction
- The Frankfurt School
- Existentialist Marxism
- Italian Marxism
- Structuralist Marxism
- British Marxism
- Marxism in the United States
- Marxism and Postmodernism

Conclusion